9 Lessons from a Design Entrepreneur
Sometime in 2006, I decided that if I were going to be designing commercially successful products and strategies, I would need to know what it is really like to run a business, a business that would rely on the type of products and strategies that I would come up with.
Not only that, but if I was going to run a business, I knew I would have to bootstrap it. By investing my own hard-earned savings into my business, I could better understand the pain my clients felt whenever they spent their money on my ideas or on me.
So why am I writing this?
Firstly, I strongly believe in learning by doing. Therefore I do encourage those that would like to be similarly enlightened to take that step into design entrepreneurship. However design entrepreneurship is hard, so I thought it might be a good idea to share some of my (painful!) learning experiences here on Design Sojourn.
Secondly, the feedback I got after running an informal poll on whether I should start a site on design entrepreneurship, made me realize that many of you are interested in design entrepreneurship.
Thirdly, with a large number of micro-financing or crowd-funding sites on the Internet such as Kickstarter etc, the financial barriers of entry for product development have never been lower. It is now all about hard work, good design, and great ideas.
So here are some of my thoughts on life as a design entrepreneur. Oh, do consider getting a cup of coffee before you read my article, as it came out longer than I expected!
1) Expect a Huge Learning Curve
One key skill that a design entrepreneur needs to have is the ability to work with or leverage non-design partners to get the job done. Fortunately, most designers are actually well equipped to be design entrepreneurs as they have the ability to empathize with non-designers. The difference here (and this is where the learning curve bit in) is between owning the process and working within a process. Design is only approximately 20% (or less) of the entire product development process. And when suddenly you have to make the calls for the other 80% of the process, things get hard very fast. Once that happens, many other factors such as confidence, initiative, and knowledge come into play.
The good news is that starting out in design entrepreneurship can be done relatively risk-free. You can easily work on your personal design projects in your spare time, rather than quitting your day job to do so. Once you have brought your design to the market and stabilized your development and process issues, you can then decide if you want to be a design entrepreneur full-time.
2) Designing for the Retail Shelf
Unless you sell your product exclusively online, your will probably need to consider making sure your design works in a retail space.
Many designers forget that designing for retail is almost as crucial as designing the product itself. Designing for retail can be a whole different ball game, and often what is good for retail may not necessarily be good for the product or customer. The best designers will need to make sure they can find a good balance between the two.
Here are a few tips to get you going. Is your design good enough to stand out after you apply the 3-second rule? Is your design easy to understand or use when the customer engages with your product superficially? Is your design durable enough to withstand the wear and tear of retail? Does your design radiate the value of the product or communicate it clearly enough?
3) Be a Quality Hound
Rightly or wrongly, I was completely obsessed with perfection and making sure every product was as close to my ideal specifications as possible. Needless to say, my behaviour drove my suppliers and manufacturers crazy. My demands included 100% inspection runs on all production pieces. This was a very tedious affair especially when having to check the quality of thousands of products.
Every piece you throw away is a waste of money. As I’m self-funding this project, the money could have been used for other things like lunch with the family. Just make sure you are upfront with your manufacturer on your target percentage of waste per production run so that they would know the quality levels you expect.
This is something that many designers may not be used to, as many never have to worry about the details of their product’s quality requirements. Much of it is institutionalized, and designers often just need to give the once over and then defer to quality engineers to resolve problems. This is logical as many quality issues stem from production problems. So design entrepreneurs will need to be prepared to take over the work of quality engineers, and to also be prepared to pay the price for constant vigilance.
When dealing with quality issues, there is something I like to call “perception bias”. Perception of what is good quality differs between designer, manufacturer and consumer. Designers often stand at the end of the strict quality scale, with the manufacturer at the other end of the relaxed quality scale. Disagreements happen when both the designer and supplier have different views on what they consider good quality. The best way to align quality perceptions is to look at the consumer and determine what they view as good or good enough.
4) Love your suppliers
I have found that your suppliers or vendors are key to your success. Despite recognizing this, companies still treat suppliers as…well…suppliers, by squeezing them for better profits and shorter time frames while often forgetting that they have a business to run as well. On the contrary, by creating a win/win relationship with your suppliers, you will gain a longer-term advantage instead of a shorter-term profit gain.
However, don’t make the same mistake I made by liking your supplier too much. I found myself trying to find ways to work with a particular supplier that I liked and had built a long-term relationship. I was even willing to compromise my design because they could not achieve what I wanted! At the end of the day, this is all about business, and if it does not make business sense, perhaps it is time to look somewhere else.
5) Budget, Budget and Budget!
The one big things I learnt about self-funding my projects, is that success is all about how you manage your budget and control cash flow. On the flip side, designers love to tell the business that the extra cost from design can be justified by increasing the selling price. Sometimes this is true, but if you don’t put on your pragmatic hat, it will spiral out of control and so will your profits. I always remind myself that having limited resources forces me to make very hard decisions on what is important to the end consumer.
Once you have set your budget, you have to stick to it. If not, it will be a moving target that will make running a business difficult. For example, I put my Spaces for Ideas: Collection 2 on hold as I was not able to meet my budget and cost targets. Pushing the project forward would have put my company at great financial risk.
All that being said, don’t forget that it is also very important for you to figure out what your ROI or return on investment is going to be. Or at the very least how many pieces you would need to sell to recover your cost.
6) Pricing is a Science and an Art
It would be a good time now to touch on one of the hardest things to figure out as a design entrepreneur: how to price your product.
There are a lot of things to consider when you are working out your pricing strategy. They include: Will your customer be able to afford your price point? Is the selling price high enough to make you enough profit? Is the pricing flexible enough for you to give discounts during a sale? What about wholesale pricing? What about standardizing your pricing across your various distribution channels? Then how does everything reflect back to recover your initial investment? (See the previous point.)
Here is another tip on pricing; you make money when you sell your product. While this sounds rather painfully obvious, it is a subtle change in mindset. If it’s anything I’ve learnt from the best Marketing minds I’ve worked with, we need to adopt an outside-in approach to find the price points where consumers will bite. Despite this many people still make the mistake of focusing on cost-plus pricing strategies, rather than working backwards to the cost after achieving the right price vs. product offering.
7) Having Inventory can be Bad
I quickly learnt that excess inventory is the enemy of profit. A lot of designers don’t actually get much of a chance to experience the actual physical space volumes of completed products to take up. Trust me, I have sketchbooks in every nook and cranny of my home!
If you are not selling your products fast enough, not only have you locked down your investment into a product, you would likely be paying extra for storage space. I’m lucky to have a good friend with a spare room to house the rest of the sketchbooks I can’t fit in my home.
If managing inventory is difficult, stock-taking is harder. Throw in being a quality hound; you have a nightmare in the making. Just imagine having to unpack, check, and repack every product you ordered, 100% of the time! At the end of the day, if you can get your inventory under control, you can achieve good cash flow management. And the best way to do this will be explained in our next point.
8) Strive for Creative Manufacturing
The whole concept of manufacturing is all about economies of scale (volumes) and repeatability. When that happens, the process we have to adopt is one that requires structure and standardization. So with that in mind, the term creative manufacturing is a rather obvious oxymoron, as it is all about allowing flexibility, such as colour or materials options, during the process of manufacturing. These days as designers push the boundaries more and more to create exceptional work, creative manufacturing will become a vital enabling factor in allowing designers to do what they do.
The other thing about manufacturing is that big is not always better. While the big boys often have the right machines, quality processes and speed, they often have their hands tied up in terms of overheads, flexibility and costs. Therefore, depending on your design, working with a smaller manufacturer could be a better option for you. Smaller outfits have the flexibility and perhaps are more willing to try something different. However smaller manufacturers may not be as up-to-date with the latest skills and equipment or lack organization and a strong process. This could impact response time and consistent quality.
9) Don’t take no for an answer
At the end of the day, success is all about finding the right balance of all the points we have discussed and also a never say die attitude to keep pushing and finding the most ideal circumstances for your business.
After painfully deciding to put Spaces for Idea’s second collection on hold, I took time away from the project and regrouped. By taking the project off my development cycle, I actually gave the project some space to breathe and time for more ideas to mature.
After a break of a few months, I quietly started talking to people about the project again. I also had some time to really reflect on what the problems were and how I could find a solution to the problems I had. I realized that to make the second collection a reality, I had to slaughter some sacred cows such as moving on from a well-loved supplier and reconfiguring some long-held notions of manufacturing processes. Sometimes we can be our own roadblocks. Just don’t take no or impossible for an answer and find creative ways around the problem!
—–
With that being said, I’m very happy to re-launch the Spaces for Ideas Collection 2. It has been a tough and bumpy road with many challenges, some of which inspired this article. This collection consists of a new look Story Book that has been redesigned from the ground up, and an Elastic Bookmark made from new materials. Check out the photos of rough prototypes below! The Iteration Book, introduced last time, is on hold and may be launched as part of Collection 3.
Click for a larger image of the prototypes!
The Story Book and its matching Elastic Bookmarks are made from 3 different 280 gsm coloured (Yellow Cream, Chocolate Brown and Deep Blue) materials. The 20-panel accordion fold is available with black (120 gsm) and white (140 gsm) paper. The paper in each book is intentionally heavier to create more structure in the accordion fold. It is also lovely to draw on. This new design has a modified handmade manufacturing process that allows flexibility by having a range of different cover colours and paper.
As production has already started, I’ll try to have pictures of the first production prototypes as soon as I can get my hands on them some time at the end of this week.
Click for a larger detailed image of the prototypes.
So what do you think of this article as well as the newly revamped Spaces of Ideas Collection 2? I would love to hear your feedback and thank you in advance.
Flor
August 13, 2012 at 12:55 pmIm about to start a small business and this article its perfect. Thanks for sharing!
Lance Cassidy
June 11, 2012 at 2:41 amFantastic article! I’m a huge believer that designers are exceptionally well positioned to create startups. I also agree with other comments that this is something design schools miss and we shouldn’t wait for universities to catch up.
I wrote an article on entrepreneurship by design about how most designer don’t even realize that making the leap to entrepreneur may be as simple as widening their lens. Maybe you’d enjoy it.
http://dxlabdesign.com/entrepreneurship-by-design/
I hope you write more articles about this subject. Thanks!
Vahid
July 21, 2011 at 2:44 amtypo alert line 5 of my last comment: reading not reason.
Thanks
Vahid
July 21, 2011 at 2:16 am@Brian
Do let me when you release the StoryBook.
500+ is not a bad number.
Have you tried marketing it to corporate clients? I hear thats where the big money is. You could probably charge double (after embossing the company logo in gold or printing each individuals name on paper). Just some ideas that came to me while reason.
Another thing that I just noticed is that the names for your products do not click (again it is my humble opinion here, I could be wrong). StoryBook is still ok, but Spaces for Ideas I’m not so sure. What I mean to say is that it doesn’t ‘stick in the head’. I had read somewhere that while naming a product chose something that is visual. Think ‘Purple Cow Designs’ or ‘Chocolate Rose Media’ instead of ‘Hi-Tech designs’ It stays in the customers mind far longer than something abstract.
Why did you chose plain colors for the cover, as opposed to some graphic designs like those used on laptop skins? I know that on one hand the plain looks uncluttered, but I feel there may be a market for designers who would like something more colorful. I am not picking on you. Just curious about your product and I would like to gain an insight into the your thought process.
Again these are just my thoughts and I admire you for launching a product. I know that there are a lot of other problems that you must have faced while developing this which you may not have mentioned in the article.
Good luck with your future endeavors!
PS: An article on how you go about marketing this product would be awesome. Please go into more specifics or how you solved/tackled a particular problem/client
fail
July 19, 2011 at 11:10 pmvery useful all tips, thanks.
Nate McConnell
July 11, 2011 at 6:59 pmEnlightening article with excerpts I missed in undergraduate. This could easily be a good book with other examples of design entrepreneurship from friends who share their unique insight. Especially since many graduate without an entrepreneur outlook (from my perspective experience). I would purchase your sketchbook because I love different styles of sketchbooks. They can be compared to guitars a different style inspires a different song.
Alex
July 11, 2011 at 6:45 pmNice article. I particularly agree with point 3 regarding maintaining the highest quality. When first starting out, this will probably also be accompanied by charging reduced prices. It can be hard to maintain the motivation to keep quality high while charging discounted prices, but it really is the winning combination to getting a design business off the ground.
Brian
June 24, 2011 at 10:46 am@Vahid: Thanks for the link and for taking the time for leaving a comment.
Thanks for your feedback, but I disagree with you. You are making an assumption that all designers think like you. And I can tell you that the 500+ sketchbooks that I’ve sold means there are at least 500 people that don’t share your view.
I think there is nothing wrong with going with a cheap sketchbook solution, it just means you are not my target market.
Do stay tuned my next sketchbook the StoryBook might be more up your alley!
vahid
June 23, 2011 at 2:38 amloved the article.
on a side note have you asked designers or your target buyers if they really need what you are selling (Spaces for Ideas 1&2)? I find it a bit contradictory to your article. Sorry but I will not spend $13 for a sketchbook even if it is of very good quality (which I am sure it is). I would rather spend my money on a cheaper sketchbook and cut to size and staple the papers together. Maybe its the economy, maybe I am cheap 🙂
On the other hand I think your Iteration project is more in line with what designers are looking for, but then again as you said the pricing has to be right.
You may find these videos informative. I think they are targeted more to the techno segment but still they are good.
http://ecorner.stanford.edu/authorMaterialInfo.html?mid=1174
Cheers
Vahid
A
June 19, 2011 at 6:30 pmHi, very nice article and very informative.
I would like to add to what you mention that for any business a very critical factor is the cash flow, maybe it is of higher importance even from profit itself.
Not having enough cash on the right time may struggle the business even if on papers or the expected money to come are not in the account when they are supposed to be.
Outlines Design Studio
June 14, 2011 at 2:33 pmI must agree with Tom here – design has to come first and the rest to match on top of it
Luke watts
June 8, 2011 at 5:57 pmwonderful and informative article..Love this..thanks for sharing
r.kyle
May 5, 2011 at 10:26 amThe dumbest mistake is viewing design as something you do at the end of the process to ‘tidy up’ the mess, as opposed to understanding it’s a ‘day one’ issue and part of everything.
— Tom Peters..Btw..this is very informative article.
R. Kyle